This is storm KIRK that was active in 2012 in the N. Atlantic region with maximum winds of 167 km/h.

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Max Wind: 167 km/h. Min Pressure: hPa.

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Storm Detail 2012

KIRK (2012)

Name: storm KIRK
Start: 2012-08-28
End: 2012-09-03
Location: N. Atlantic

Storm Code: 2012242N24317 | Region: N. Atlantic
Active from 29/08/2012 to 03/09/2012 (6 days)

167 km/h

1-min Wind (JTWC)

Level 15

167 km/h

10-min Wind (WMO)

Level 15

970 hPa

Min Pressure

4,049 km

Distance

Forecast Agencies

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Weather Agencies (2 sources)

WMO (International) 167 km/h

JTWC 167 km/h

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Storm Structure

KIRK

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KIRK

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Track List (0 points)

#	Time (GMT+7)	Position	Wind (km/h)	Pressure	Level

Wind Intensity Chart

JTWC

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Quick Stats

167 km/h

Max Wind

970 hPa

Min Pressure

126h

Activity Duration

Forecast Agencies

Agency Data Comparison

WMO (International)

167 km/h Max Wind

970 hPa Min Pressure

22 Measurements

JTWC

167 km/h Max Wind

970 hPa Min Pressure

43 Measurements

Agency	Max Intensity		Trajectory		Energy		highest_classification
Agency	Max Wind (km/h)	Min Pressure (hPa)	Number of points	Distance (km)	ACE (10⁴ (km/h)²)	PDI (10⁶ (km/h)³)	highest_classification
WMO (International)	167	970	22	4,043	27.27	34.17	Level 15 - Violent Storm
JTWC	167	970	43	4,049	54.40	68.16	Level 15 - Violent Storm

Indices Legend

Max Wind (kt/km/h): Maximum wind speed by agency

Min Pressure: Lowest central pressure

Number of points: Number of observation points in track

Distance: Total track distance traveled

ACE: Accumulated Cyclone Energy

PDI: Power Dissipation Index

Advanced Meteorological Indices by Agency Automatically calculated from raw data

WMO (International) RI

Energy
ACE (10⁴ (km/h)²)	27.27	High
PDI (10⁶ (km/h)³)	34.17
Intensification / Weakening
Max Wind Gain/Step	+19 km/h
Max Wind Gain/24h	+65 km/h	RI
Max Wind Loss/Step	-19 km/h
Pressure Variation
Max Pressure Drop/Step	-11 hPa
Max Pressure Drop/24h	-22 hPa	Strong
Max Pressure Rise/Step (weakening)	+8 hPa
Movement & Duration
Avg Movement Speed	32.1 km/h
Tracking Time	126h (5.3 days)
Time as TD+ (≥34kt)	126h (5.3d)
Time as Storm+ (≥64kt)	48h (2d)
Peak Intensity & Range
Peak Intensity	13:00 31/08/2012 29.6°N, -50.7°E
Latitude	23.9°N – 51.7°N (27.8°)
Longitude	-50.9°E – -30.9°E (20°)

JTWC

Energy
ACE (10⁴ (km/h)²)	54.40	Very High
PDI (10⁶ (km/h)³)	68.16
Intensification / Weakening
Max Wind Gain/Step	+9 km/h
Max Wind Gain/24h	+37 km/h	Fast
Max Wind Loss/Step	-9 km/h
Pressure Variation
Max Pressure Drop/Step	-6 hPa
Max Pressure Drop/24h	-15 hPa
Max Pressure Rise/Step (weakening)	+4 hPa
Movement & Duration
Avg Movement Speed	32.1 km/h
Tracking Time	126h (5.3 days)
Time as TD+ (≥34kt)	252h (10.5d)
Time as Storm+ (≥64kt)	90h (3.8d)
Peak Intensity & Range
Peak Intensity	13:00 31/08/2012 29.6°N, -50.7°E
Latitude	23.9°N – 51.7°N (27.8°)
Longitude	-50.9°E – -30.9°E (20°)

Advanced Indices Legend

ACE: Accumulated Cyclone Energy - measures total storm activity

PDI: Power Dissipation Index - measures potential destructiveness

RI: Rapid Intensification - when wind increases >=30 kt/24h or pressure drops >=30 hPa/24h

Countries with Direct Landfall

Storm did not make landfall

Index	Meaning	Formula / Condition	Classification
ACE Accumulated Cyclone Energy	Accumulated Cyclone Energy. Measures the total energy generated by the storm during its lifetime. Only counts reports with wind ≥ 35 kt (TS level or higher).	`ACE = Σ(V_max²) / 10&sup4;` Unit: 10⁴ kt²	< 2: Low 2-6: Medium 6-15: High ≥ 15: Very High
PDI Power Dissipation Index	Power Dissipation Index. More sensitive than ACE to extremely strong storms due to using cubic power. Reflects potential destructive power.	`PDI = Σ(V_max&sup³;) / 10&sup6;` Unit: 10⁶ kt³	Higher value = greater cumulative destructive power
RI Rapid Intensification	Rapid Intensification - storm strengthens suddenly in a short time. Very dangerous as it is difficult to forecast and causes surprise for prevention efforts.	Wind increase ≥ 30 kt/24h or Pressure drop ≥ 30 hPa/24h	Has RI or Fast increase (≥20kt)
Max wind gain/step	Maximum wind increase between 2 consecutive reports (usually 6 hours apart). Shows the fastest local intensification rate.	`max(V_i+1 - V_i)` Unit: kt (km/h)	Positive value = storm strengthening
Max wind gain/24h	Maximum wind increase in a 24-hour window. Main criterion for determining Rapid Intensification (RI).	`max(V_t+24h - V_t)` RI if ≥ 30 kt/24h	≥ 30kt: RI ≥ 20kt: Fast
Max wind loss/step	Maximum wind weakening between 2 consecutive reports. Shows at which stage the storm weakened fastest.	`max(V_i - V_i+1)` Unit: kt (km/h)	Positive value = storm weakening
Max pressure drop/step	Maximum pressure drop between 2 consecutive reports. Pressure decrease = storm center strengthening. Reflects local deepening rate.	`max(P_i - P_i+1)` Unit: hPa	Higher value = faster strengthening
Max pressure drop/24h	Maximum pressure drop in a 24-hour window. Important index for evaluating explosive deepening / explosive intensification.	`max(P_t - P_t+24h)` Explosive if ≥ 30 hPa	≥ 30hPa: RI ≥ 20hPa: Strong
Max pressure rise/step	Maximum pressure rise between 2 consecutive reports. Pressure increase = storm weakening. Large value indicates rapid weakening (due to terrain interaction, landfall, etc.).	`max(P_i+1 - P_i)` Unit: hPa	Higher value = faster weakening
Average moving speed	Average moving speed of the storm center during the entire monitoring period by that agency.	`V_avg = S_total / T_total` Unit: kt (km/h)	Slow-moving storms (<15 km/h) usually cause prolonged heavy rain
Monitoring duration	Total time from first report to last report of that agency.	`T = t_end - t_start` Unit: hours (days)	Different agencies may monitor for different durations
TS+ Duration	Total hours with average wind ≥ 34 kt (Tropical Storm level or higher). Reflects how long the storm maintained significant intensity.	Average wind ≥ 34 kt	Longer storm = greater total damage
TY+ Duration	Total hours with average wind ≥ 64 kt (Typhoon level or higher). Storms maintaining this level longer have much greater destructive power.	Average wind ≥ 64 kt	Longer time at Typhoon level = more dangerous
Peak Intensity	Time and location (lat, lon) when the storm reached maximum wind according to each agency. Helps identify where the storm was strongest.	V_max = max(V_i)	Peak location helps assess danger for nearby areas
Latitude / Longitude	Spatial range of activity by latitude and longitude. Shows whether the storm affected area is wide or narrow.	min-max(lat), min-max(lon)	Large range = long trajectory, wide impact

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KIRK

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User Guide

KIRK (2012)

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Storm Structure

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Weather Agencies (2 sources)

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Quick Stats

Agency Data Comparison

Indices Legend

Advanced Meteorological Indices by Agency Automatically calculated from raw data

Advanced Indices Legend

Countries with Direct Landfall

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KIRK

Storm Structure